1. Enhancing Phosphorus and Vanadium Retention in Alkaline Soils Using Ferric-Modified Biochar
This project focuses on the preparation, characterization, and evaluation of ferric chloride–modified biochar for improving the retention of phosphorus (P) and vanadium (V) in alkaline soils. Phosphate and vanadate are chemically similar oxyanions that can compete for adsorption sites in soils, influencing their mobility, bioavailability, and environmental risk. Understanding and enhancing their retention is important for both nutrient management and the mitigation of metal contamination. The study will involve the preparation of ferric-modified biochar through impregnation with ferric chloride, followed by comparison with unmodified biochar. The adsorption behavior of phosphate and vanadate will be evaluated through batch adsorption experiments, and adsorption isotherms will be developed to quantify retention capacities and mechanisms for each amendment. To better understand surface interactions and binding mechanisms, the biochar materials before and after adsorption will be characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). These analyses will provide insights into functional group changes, elemental distribution, and potential precipitation or complexation processes. In addition to adsorption studies, an incubation experiment will be conducted using alkaline soils amended with biochar and ferric-modified biochar. The stability and availability of phosphorus and vanadium will be assessed over time using chemical extraction methods, including available fraction measurements, Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure (SPLP), and sequential extraction techniques. Overall, this project integrates material development, mechanistic understanding, and soil-based evaluation to assess the potential of ferric-modified biochar as a sustainable amendment for managing nutrient losses and metal mobility in alkaline soil systems.
Research area, student roles & skills
Research area: My research focuses on soil chemistry with an emphasis on metal and nutrient dynamics in contaminated and managed soils. I investigate the mobility, bioavailability, and stabilization of trace metals and nutrients under varying environmental conditions, including pH, redox, and temperature. A key aspect of my work involves developing and evaluating soil amendments such as biochar and modified biochar to reduce contaminant mobility and improve soil function. I also study phosphorus behavior in agricultural systems, particularly under conditions relevant to runoff and snowmelt. My research integrates laboratory, greenhouse, and field approaches to support sustainable soil management and environmental protection.
Student roles:
The student will play an active role in conducting laboratory-based experiments as part of an ongoing research project on biochar and soil contaminant interactions. The primary responsibilities will include preparation of ferric chloride–modified biochar and handling of unmodified biochar for comparative analysis. The student will carry out batch adsorption experiments to evaluate the retention of phosphorus and vanadium, including preparation of solutions, sample equilibration, and collection of data for adsorption isotherms.
The student will also assist in the characterization of materials before and after adsorption using techniques such as FTIR and SEM-EDS, with guidance from the research team. In addition, the student will participate in a soil incubation study involving alkaline soils amended with biochar, including sample preparation, monitoring, and periodic collection of samples for chemical analysis.
Laboratory responsibilities will include maintaining accurate records, following established protocols, preparing reagents, and ensuring proper sample handling. The student will also support chemical analyses such as determination of available elements and leaching tests (e.g., TCLP, SPLP), under supervision.
As a member of the research group, the student will participate in regular meetings, contribute to discussions, and collaborate with graduate students and faculty members. The student will also be expected to organize and analyze experimental data using basic data analysis tools and assist in preparing a summary report or presentation at the end of the program.
Overall, the role provides hands-on experience in environmental soil chemistry research, emphasizing laboratory experimentation, teamwork, and development of analytical and problem-solving skills.
Skills required:
The ideal student should have a background in environmental science, soil science, chemistry, or a related field. A basic understanding of chemical principles, particularly solution chemistry and adsorption processes, is desirable. Prior laboratory experience, including sample preparation and handling, is an asset but not essential, as training will be provided.
Familiarity with analytical techniques such as spectrophotometry or basic instrumentation is beneficial. Strong attention to detail, ability to follow laboratory protocols, and good record-keeping skills are important for ensuring data quality. The student should also be comfortable working both independently and as part of a research team.